Dimensionamento e alocação do sistema de armazenamento de energia em bateria para suporte de tensão e mitigação de congestionamento

Abstract

The growing integration of renewable energy sources, particularly wind and solar power, is profoundly altering the operational balance of power grids. While these technologies help to decarbonize the system, their spatio-temporal variability generates disturbances, such as voltage f luctuations and line congestion, particularly on inflexible grids. The work focuses on the IEEE 30 bus test network, in which two thermal units are replaced by renewable power plants. The addition of a battery storage system (BESS) is studied as a lever to offset the effects of this transformation. Sensitive areas of the network are identified via PTDF and VSI indices, and the optimal location of the BESS is determined by aPSOalgorithm, taking into account its technical constraints. Simulations show that strategic positioning of the BESS, thanks to its ancillary services, enables voltages to be regulated, congestion to be mitigated and active losses to be reduced. Monitoring of the SOC and charge/discharge cycles also validates the effectiveness of the control applied. This approach demonstrates the relevance of optimized storage integration to support the energy transition while ensuring the technical performance of the grid.