O mercosul e uma análise da viabilidade do bloco: dos desafios da integração regional ao dilema do “eu sou porque nós somos”

Abstract

The present academic work has at its core an approach to the actions of the main protagonists of MERCOSUR – Brazil and Argentina, in consolidating an integration process based on the diplomatic and political speeches of their leaders. Starting from a structured reading based on institutional texts, treaties and protocols, with a methodological proposal based on an analysis of the effectiveness of the creation, constitution and consolidation of the regional integration block, through a comparative study and an analytical and considered description of the timeline over the last three decades since the signing of the Treaty of Asunción in 1991, we seek to provide a vision based on conceptions of reinterpretation of South America as a continent and geopolitical unit today, allowing the formatting of foreign policies formulated by its leaders. The issue of interdisciplinarity is addressed with regard to global governance processes and their dilemmas, in relation to the effects of regionalization, as well as issues linked to the national economy and culture, where each State-Party manifests itself and reacts in an attempt to survive culturally, seeking ways to revitalize and reinvent its institutions, its customs, its own native language, its diverse cultural expressions, its geopolitical and social structure, among other elements, as a way of overcoming the challenges faced in shaping the processes of globalization and regional integration. Finally, the aim is to question the confrontation with the new international order and the need to rescue the spiritu of its own identity for a constructivist vision within and outside the walls of MERCOSUR, as a binding element of the pacta sunt servanda principle. As a conclusive element, the indispensable nature of integration and international cooperation for survival in the globalized world is highlighted in accordance with the African Ubuntu philosophy of “I am because we are”.