Mulher negra e representações do espaço: uma análise sob a perspectiva da interseccionalidade, em Solitária de Eliana Alves Cruz

Abstract

The main objective of this dissertation was to carry out a study on the representation of black women and the structuring spaces present in the work Solitária (2022) by contemporary black writer Eliana Alves Cruz, from the perspective of intersectionality. By focusing on the prose of this author, we problematize how black women are represented in the spaces outlined in this novel and how the relationship established with the space she occupies is configured for the black woman, outlining as a general objective to analyze women and their representativeness in these spaces, taking into account that the social problems and conflicts experienced by these black characters point to an articulation between the intersectional categories of gender, race and class. And specifically, to verify the occurrence of the relations established between the space element and its delimitation and constitution within the literary field, also elucidating an apparatus on the theory of intersectionality and black feminism through a historical-social construct of forms and representations of black women, in addition to identifying and understanding the webs of meanings that are attributed to these structural spaces, how they demarcate places socially constructed/naturalized occupied by black women, permeating a dual, concrete and symbolic imaginary, both interrelated to the triad of gender, race and class. The research developed from the point of view of its objectives is explanatory, bibliographic in nature due to the technical procedures, qualitative and critical-analytical approach with regard to the analysis of the chosen corpus, the center of the research The theoretical contributions that sustain and endorse the themes proposed in this dissertation are based on scholars such as: Osman Lins (1976), Gaston Bachelard (2008), Ozíris Borges (2015), Elódia Xavier (2012), when it comes to the approach to space and literature, symbologies and representations. Spivak Gayatri (2010), Djamila Ribeiro (2019; 1995;), elucidate a framework on the perspectives of black women's places of speech, as well as aspects of subordination, Angela Davis (2016), bell hooks (2023; 1989; 1995;), to emphasize the issue of stereotypes and images attributed to black women in slavery, Lélia Gonzalez (1979) Sueli Carneiro (2003; 2012;), Luisa Bairros (1995), Patrícia Hill Collins (2016; 1997;) to substantiate the issues of racism, sexism, gender relations and feminist point of view, among others. We conclude from the analysis carried out in this dissertation that Eliana Alves Cruz's narrative presents unsubmissive characters and voices that subvert the slave logic of subservience still present in Brazilian society. Deconstructing imaginaries, internalized and naturalized symbolic spaces in which black women have always occupied, places that have exposed historical and current currents of oppression and invisibility, still based on a colonial system of power, responsible for annihilating and curtailing lives through racism, machismo, sexism, subordination and marginalization of black women.