AS FORMAÇÕES IMAGINÁRIAS SOBRE OS POVOS E COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS EM PROJETOS DE LEI: Imagens de violação

Abstract

By proposing a study anchored in the assumptions of Michel Pêcheux's Discourse Analysis, we position ourselves within his theoretical framework, which considers language in relation to its constitutive exteriorities. In this context, we emphasize that this research reinforces the relevance of discursively analyzing legislative proposals since these texts materialize ideologies present in the national political and social context, especially regarding the groups that are legally encompassed by the nomenclature of traditional peoples and communities. With this in mind, the research seeks to answer the question of how imaginaries about traditional peoples and communities are constituted in legislative proposals that were presented to the Chamber of Deputies in 2023. Considering that imaginary formations operate in discursive processes, based on the presented question, our general objective is to investigate the linguistic-discursive aspects in the constitution of imaginaries about traditional peoples and communities in fragments of the selected legislative proposals and, specifically, to analyze the linguistic materiality, verifying the constitutive relations of the conditions of production and the enunciated content in these texts and, finally, to analyze the constitution of meaning effects in the selected projects as a result of these factors. To do this, we take as our starting point the statements made by Pêcheux (2014a; 2014b) and Henry (2014) about discourse and the nontransparency of language in the relationship between signified and signifier, in which it is possible to demonstrate that meanings are historically and ideologically determined. Thus, we consider what Courtine (2009) says about linguistic material as a starting point, not reducing discourse to it, but as the instance in which this field finds its theoretical foundation. Through the analysis of the discursive material and the description of the socio-historical and ideological context, we identify meanings that reveal the violation of rights, and the condition of social invisibility imposed on these groups.