Metodologia ativa aplicada ao ensino de técnicas de ilustrações em cursos de Design

Abstract

This is an academic paper about a research conducted with students of a technical course of Visual Communication of IFMA (Campus Monte Castelo), in São Luís, Maranhão. The research involved the implementation of an educational approach called active methodology, more specifically, Project-Based Learning. The research focused on the intersection between artistic collage and digital illustration in the context of educational ergonomics. The main question of the research was how the collage technique could be employed as an alternative in the teaching of illustration techniques in design courses, and how this active methodology could contribute to learning, considering ergonomics in education. In the first stage, an integrative systematic literature review was performed to obtain information on various topics including collage, montage, photography, photomontage, creativity, illustration, image, digital image, digital illustration, and digital collage. The second part of the work consisted of the application and evaluation of an active methodology, which is a form of teaching that places students as the main participants in the learning process. The teacher acts as a mediator and advisor. Specifically, the researchers used project-based learning, which confronts students with interdisciplinary situations and encourages initiative and group work. The research concluded that the collage technique was highly beneficial in the process of creating illustrations. Most of the students had already performed activities that involved collage, but never with the graphic sense to which they were directed in this study. Collage helped in facilitating the construction of illustrative ideas for graphic purposes. In addition, most students felt safe and motivated when using the collage technique. Even so, there was still a preference for using digital resources to create illustrations. The research also highlighted the importance of considering ergonomics in education, through ergonomic assessments to obtain information about work postures and methods of educational assessments. Finally, the researchers state that the implementation of project-based learning was an important milestone in IFMA's Visual Communication course as it helped students develop their problem-solving skills in design.