https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/4477 Tue, 07 Apr 2026 18:35:55 GMT 2026-04-07T18:35:55Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6864 Título: O problema da moralidade na estética de Schiller Autor: LINDOSO, Matheus Bahia Primeiro orientador: COSTA, Luís Inácio Oliveira Abstract: Schiller's aesthetics constitute a fundamental path toward addressing the moral problems of modern man. By discussing issues related to art, politics, and the very exploration of the impulses that are part of human nature, the playwright and philosopher Schiller opens up space for us to consider the contributions aesthetics makes to the customs and character of individuals. Although the categories of art and morality are often thought of as distinct elements, these two particularities share a certain connection in Schiller's thought, as the artistic, in its own way, influences a form of reflection and contribution to the ethical, political, and cultural problems faced by humankind in the Age of Enlightenment. With this understanding in mind, this research focuses on morality as a central point in Schiller's aesthetic reflections, seeking to demonstrate how, through the phenomenon of art, art can play a morally formative role in individuals, enabling these moral subjects to act and express themselves freely within the cultural context in which they find themselves. Following a dual approach, this research seeks first to explore Schiller's youth and adulthood, demonstrating how the moral element permeates his thought, particularly in his works: “The Robbers”; “Kallias, or on Beauty”; and “The Aesthetic Education of Man”. Secondly, drawing on his “Naive and Sentimental Poetry” and several essays that comprise “Theory of Tragedy”, we will examine how the relationship between art and morality is debated and how the former can infuse the latter with a reflective direction for the betterment of human beings in society. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6864 2026-01-30T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6839 Título: O Dionisíaco e o Apolíneo no bumba-meu-boi: uma leitura Nietzschiana Autor: FERREIRA, Wesley Madeira Primeiro orientador: MIRANDA, Wandeilson Silva de Abstract: This philosophical and interdisciplinary research aimed to analyze some aspects of the cultural and aesthetic manifestation of the bumba-meu-boi in the State of Maranhão from a nietzschean perspective, as elaborated in the work The Birth of Tragedy. The study sought to analyze the dionysian and apollonian impulses related to the Greek gods Dionysus and Apollo and their implications within the universe of the bumba-meu-boi. Initialy, and more specifically, the work The Birth of Tragedy by the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche will be analyzed, seeking a greater understanding of tragedy and the tragic in ancient Greek culture as na artistic and cultural manifestation of the greeks who saw in their characters a way of expressing the power of their gods. In a second phase, na analysis of the universe of the bumba-meu-boi was undertaken, more precisely its occurence in the State of Maranhão with all its characteristics and peculiarities, and in a third phase, na analyses of the dionysiian and apollonian impulses in the bumba-meu-boi was carried aut. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 19 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6839 2026-01-19T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6829 Título: JUSTIÇA, COMUNICAÇÃO POLÍTICA E DESINFORMAÇÃO: Os princípios de John Rawls diante dos problemas sociais contemporâneos Autor: PEREIRA, Lúcio Henrique Moraes Rêgo Primeiro orientador: PASSOS, Helder Machado Abstract: This dissertation arises from concern about the impacts that disinformation and political manipulation have produced on democratic life. By revisiting John Rawls’s theory of justice as fairness, it seeks a pathway to reflect on how values such as freedom, equality, and impartiality can shed light on contemporary dilemmas. In the first chapter, the central concepts of Rawls are presented, such as the original position and the veil of ignorance, which function as metaphors to ensure that social rules are designed in a fair manner. From these, the principles of equal liberty and difference are highlighted, guiding the construction of institutions capable of respecting fundamental rights while also correcting inequalities. The second chapter delves into the digital landscape, where distorted narratives, segmentation algorithms, and information bubbles undermine public trust. Disinformation, understood not only as a communicational failure but as an ethical and political phenomenon, proves responsible for deepening social divisions, fostering denialism, and weakening democratic dialogue. Drawing on contemporary authors, the text shows how the struggle over truth has become one of the greatest challenges for democracy today. In the third chapter, the reflection turns to proposals for confronting these issues. Rebuilding the public sphere, defining ethical limits for digital expression, pursuing algorithmic justice, and promoting critical education emerge as possible paths. The dialogue with Rawls highlights that a just society depends on autonomous citizens, transparent institutions, and a political culture committed to fairness. Thus, the work aims to contribute to thinking about democracy in the post-truth era, suggesting that philosophy can offer not only diagnoses, but also horizons of hope for a more just and informed citizenship. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6829 2026-01-27T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6770 Título: Hermenêutica e compreensão: a tradição como médium para a verdade em Gadamer Autor: ASEVEDO, Wenderson Carlos dos Anjos Primeiro orientador: SILVA JÚNIOR, Almir Ferreira da Abstract: The present research takes as its central theme a classical philosophical question revisited within the scope of philosophical hermeneutics: the problem of understanding. Its purpose is to analyze the relationship between understanding (Verstehen) and tradition (Überlieferung/Tradition), since, in the hermeneutical philosophy of Hans-Georg Gadamer, understanding is realized only through the mediation of tradition and the recognition of its authority. This theoretical and bibliographical study seeks to answer the following question: in what way does tradition constitute itself as a condition of possibility for hermeneutical understanding, in light of the ontological-existential foundations of Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics? To this end, the research focused primarily on the classic work Truth and Method, in addition to other Gadamerian essays, as well as on dialogue with national and international commentators who address the hermeneutical phenomenon of understanding in its relation to the authority of tradition and the problem of truth. From this perspective, the study departs from the modern question of how understanding is possible, displacing it from a strictly epistemological framework toward an ontological horizon. In Gadamer’s conception, understanding cannot be grounded exclusively on gnosiological foundations, but rather requires a hermeneutic-phenomenological grounding. Thus understood, understanding is conceived as an originary phenomenon that is realized in hermeneutical experience and fulfilled in the realm of praxis. The study highlights the hermeneutical philosophical argument for the rehabilitation of tradition and the idea of effective history (Wirkungsgeschichte) as a core foundation for discussing the experience of understanding. Tradition is not configured as an object available for methodological domination, but as a historical-ontological event that takes place in the very act of understanding, as belonging. Such belonging occurs through prejudices (Vorurteile), understood as productive anticipatory structures of understanding, and is articulated in the consciousness of effective history (wirkungsgeschichtliches Bewusstsein) and within the horizon of language (Sprache/Sprachlichkeit). Finally, the research emphasizes that both understanding and tradition can only be fully conceived on the basis of the notion of truth (Wahrheit/Aletheia). To think a philosophical hermeneutics of truth means to reflect upon it within the ontological dimension of understanding, but above all within the medium of tradition and as a dialogical experience of the fusion of horizons (Horizontverschmelzung). This involves conceiving truth as a hermeneutical event (Ereignis) and as co-belonging, with tradition functioning as the mediating space in which truth manifests itself as the movement that reinterprets and actualizes tradition itself. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6770 2026-02-02T00:00:00Z