https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/3629 Tue, 21 Jul 2026 08:22:15 GMT 2026-07-21T08:22:15Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7110 Título: A MULHER NO ESPELHO LITERÁRIO: UM ESTUDO COMPARADO ENTRE MARIA DA TEMPESTADE E DIÁRIO DE UMA PAIXÃO Autor: MENDES, Luana Primeiro orientador: SANTOS, Naiara Sales Araújo Abstract: Throughout the 20th century, the role of women underwent numerous transformations in Brazilian and American societies. The literary works Maria da Tempestade (1956), by João Mohana, and The Notebook (1997), by Nicholas Sparks, serve as literary mirrors reflecting these changes that occurred mainly in the societies of the 1950s and 1990s. In the Brazilian context of the 1950s, portrayed in Maria da Tempestade, the character Bárbara confronts the restrictions of a patriarchal society, fighting for her independence and personal recognition. Throughout her journey, the character presents the limitations and challenges faced by women during this period, highlighting the traditional expectations that shaped their lives. On the other hand, The Notebook introduces us to Allie, a character who lives in a more contemporary period, but still marked, like Barbara's, by gender issues. Therefore, this work aims to compare the trajectories of Barbara and Allie, analyzing the social and cultural transformations that occurred throughout this century, highlighting a gradual evolution in the status and opportunities of women in society. The analysis of these literary works allows us to understand the changes in women's living conditions and the persistent challenges they face in their pursuit of equality and autonomy. Therefore, this study seeks to contribute to a broader understanding of women's history in the 20th century, highlighting the importance of literature as a tool for exploring and reflecting on women's experiences in different historical contexts. For this reason, this research adopts a qualitative approach, exploratory and analytical in nature, based on the fundamentals of literary criticism, gender studies, and feminist criticism, drawing on authors such as Judith Butler, Bell hooks, among others, as well as Brazilian theorists such as João Mohana. Based on this theoretical foundation, the results show that female identity in both works is constructed under the influence of the male gaze, with emphasis on memory and affection. The continued association of women with caregiving and the conflicts between personal desire and social expectations were also observed. At the same time, the differences between the characters reveal advances in female freedom and possibilities for choice. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7110 2026-03-10T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7094 Título: “Uma gente que fica agarrada na terra”: Território quilombola e corpos subalternizados em A Claridade da Gente de Paulo Rodrigues Autor: CARVALHO, Regivaldo da Silva Primeiro orientador: TOLOMEI, Cristiane Navarrete Abstract: This research proposes a critical reading of the work A Claridade da Gente (2023), by the Maranhão poet Paulo Rodrigues, considering decolonial theory, understanding literature as a space of symbolic, political, and epistemological dispute. The study arises from an intellectual, ethical, and political gesture traversed by a situated experience, marked by living in the countryside and direct contact with rural work, which guides an implicated look at the dynamics of exploitation, silencing, and resistance/re-existence that structure life in the Brazilian rural area, moving away from neutral or detached perspectives. It begins with the question of how Paulo Rodrigues' counter-hegemonic poetry problematizes the processes of territoriality, deterritorialization, and reterritorialization of quilombola communities, as well as the power dynamics that historically exploit subalternized subjects. To answer this question, the general objective is to understand how the poet articulates literature and society in the face of the persistence of colonial structures in the reality of quilombos (maroon communities). Specific objectives include: analyzing the representation of quilombo territoriality and the effects of deterritorialization, with emphasis on the Quilombo Onça community in Santa Inês, Maranhão; discussing the precariousness of work in the countryside and the exploitation of the bodies of rural workers; and examining women's and children's labor in Paulo Rodrigues' poetry, highlighting the mechanisms of invisibility and violence that sustain the logic of the capitalist system. Methodologically, this is qualitative research, of an interpretative, exploratory, and descriptive nature, which articulates textual analysis of the work, bibliographic investigation, field research in the Quilombo Onça community, and a semi-structured interview with the author. The theoretical framework engages with Brazilian literary criticism, especially Antonio Candido (2006) and Alfredo Bosi (2002); with the decolonial theory of Aníbal Quijano (2005) and Walter Mignolo (2022); With the support of Quilombola and anti-racist intellectuals such as Abdias Nascimento (1980), Lélia Gonzalez (2020), and Antonio Bispo dos Santos (2015); with the studies on territory by Rogério Haesbaert (2004); and with the feminist contributions of Heleieth Saffioti (1987; 2004) and Rita Laura Segato (2016), fundamental to understanding the exploitation of the female body, the sexual division of labor, and the persistence of patriarchy in agrarian spaces. It concludes that A Claridade da Gente constructs a poeticpolitical project in which Quilombola territory is reaffirmed as a space of belonging, memory, and struggle, while simultaneously denouncing the precariousness of rural work, the exploitation of women's labour, and the naturalization of child labour, affirming literature as a critical practice committed to social justice, memory, and the right to permanence. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7094 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7075 Título: Entre opressões e atravessamentos: leituras interseccionais nos contos de Lindevania Martins Autor: VIANA, Antonia Beatriz de Paula Primeiro orientador: TOLOMEI, Cristiane Navarrete Abstract: This tesis analyzes the intersectional oppressions experienced by female characters in the short stories “Teresa decide falar”, “Fim de Expediente” and “Duas irmãs”, from the anthology Teresa decide falar(2022), and in the single-story book Longe de Mim (2020), by the Maranhão writer Lindevania Martins. The investigation is anchored in a decolonial and intersectional approach, based on the understanding that the colonial matrix of power, as proposed by Aníbal Quijano, continues to operate in contemporary times through the articulation of race, gender, class, and regimes of knowledge, producing hierarchies that materially and symbolically organize social life. Within this framework, the study analyzes how such power devices affect female subjects, constituting them in conditions of subalternation, while simultaneously questioning the fissures, displacements, and rearticulations that emerge within these very structures. This research is guided by the following question: how do the female characters in the short stories “Teresa decide falar”, “Fim de Expediente”, “Duas irmãs” and Longe de Mim develop strategies of resistance and re-existence in the face of the modern-colonial logic that articulates and naturalizes inequalities of gender, race, and class? To answer this question, the study proposes: (i) to unveil the mechanisms of production and reproduction of intersectional oppressions that permeate the daily lives of the characters; (ii) to analyze the forms of resistance that constitute situated practices of confronting structural violence; and (iii) to outline a decolonial profile of the characters based on their processes of re-existence, understood not only as reaction but as the production of other possibilities of existence and enunciation. by the writer from Maranhão, Lindevania Martins Methodologically, this research is basic in nature and adopts a qualitative approach, based on bibliographic procedures and an exploratory- interpretative perspective, based on literary analysis guided by decolonial and intersectional perspectives. To this end, the theoretical contributions of Aníbal Quijano (2005, 2007, 2009), María Lugones (2008, 2014, 2020), Walter Mignolo (2007, 2017, 2021) and Nelson Maldonado-Torres (2007, 2016) are mobilized, with regard to the understanding of multiple colonialities (of power, knowledge and being), articulated with the contributions of Lélia Gonzalez (2018, 2019, 2020), Heleieth Saffioti (1987, 2002) and Rita Segato (2003, 2016, 2018), as well as Carla Akotirene (2022) and Grada Kilomba (2019), which allow for a more complex understanding of the relationships between gender, race and violence in the Latin American context. From this theoretical framework, it becomes evident how literary fiction operates as a critical space for destabilizing the colonial norm, by challenging the naturalization of subalternity and reinscribing subjected characters as loci of enunciation, memory, and agency. Female characters thus emerge from territories historically and epistemically marginalized by the modern-colonial system to reclaim their subjectivities and produce narratives that disrupt the regimes of silencing that constitute them. In this movement, experiences of pain, fear, and violence—far from being merely marks of subjugation—are reconfigured as material for critical elaboration and insurgency. In this way, the system that dehumanizes them is symbolically displaced, not only as an individual gesture, but as an operation that affects the social fabric, opening breaches for other forms of existence, belonging, and meaning making. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7075 2026-02-25T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7073 Título: Expressão do modo subjuntivo em cartas publicadas em jornais maranhenses dos séculos XIX e XX: um estudo de variação à luz da sociolinguística histórica Autor: FORTES, Laine Barros Primeiro orientador: SANTOS, Wendel Silva dos Abstract: This study aims to investigate, from a historical perspective, data on variations in the morphology of the subjunctive and indicative moods in personal letters and open letters published in newspapers in Maranhão, written between the 19th and 20th centuries. Specifically, it seeks to verify whether the indicative mood is used in contexts where the subjunctive mood is expected, if not prescribed by traditional grammars, with both forms being able to express the same semantic features. This study is justified from the point of view that the subjunctive, and the possibility of variation with the morphology of the indicative, is the subject of study (especially in its spoken form) in various regions of the country, but has been little observed based on data analysis in the historical context of Maranhão. To this end, we use the theory of Linguistic Variation and Change (Labov, 2008[1972]), especially the branch known as Historical Sociolinguistics (Romaine, 2009[1982]; Mattos e Silva, 2004; 2008; Hernández-Campoy and Conde Silvestre, 2012). The data analyzed were extracted according to the original spelling of texts written in the 19th and 20th centuries, made available at the Benedito Leite Public Library, then transcribed into an Excel spreadsheet, and statistically analyzed using the R program (R Core Team, 2025). The groups of linguistic factors, whose analysis is based on those already controlled in research of this nature, such as substantive subordinate clauses (classification of the clause, tense of the main clause, tense of the subordinate clause, semantic load of the verb in the main clause), adjectival clauses (classification of the clause, distance from the relative pronoun and the verbal form, animacy of the antecedent) and adverbial clauses (clause classification, type of subordinator), and among the extralinguistic factors, the year, decade, and century of publication of each cataloged document were verified. The results indicate that the subjunctive is productive in noun and adverbial clauses; however, it does not appear to be specialized for adjective clauses. Thus, regarding the intersection of subjunctive morphology across the three types of subordinate clauses, the subjunctive is maintained in contexts prescribed by normative grammar, correlating with certain types of subordinate clauses, certain types of verbs, and certain types of subordinating conjunctions. As for the genres analyzed, the overall results indicate that the subjunctive is not favored in the two letters analyzed. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Wed, 04 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7073 2026-03-04T00:00:00Z