TEDE Communidade:https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7082026-04-15T06:42:04Z2026-04-15T06:42:04ZEnvelhecimento no trabalho: determinantes, condições e impactos na permanênciaSOUSA, Adriana Dutra dehttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/69022026-04-13T17:35:05Z2026-03-09T00:00:00ZTítulo: Envelhecimento no trabalho: determinantes, condições e impactos na permanência
Autor: SOUSA, Adriana Dutra de
Primeiro orientador: SILVA, Lilia Penha Viana
Abstract: This dissertation focuses on aging in the workplace, analyzing the determinants,
conditions, and impacts on the retention of state public servants in Maranhão. To this
end, we constructed a theoretical-methodological framework around the categories of
alienation, work, old age, and aging. We conducted qualitative research, using
historical-dialectical materialism as our theoretical-methodological framework. To
achieve the results of this research, we carried out a literature review, documentary
research, and field research, the latter developed through semi-structured interviews
with the research subjects: permanent and/or commissioned public servants eligible
for retirement. Initially, we point out the relationship between work and alienation,
highlighting the alienating and oppressive nature of work in the capitalist mode of
production. We analyze the historical and social construction of old age and the
impacts of changes in the world of work on older workers. Next, we address population
aging, the inclusion of older people in the labor market, and the impacts of longevity in
a neoliberal context. We identify ideological, cultural, family, and socioeconomic
aspects that affect job retention, relating them to new forms of precarious work and the
implications for older workers. We present the evolution of social protection in Brazil,
the impacts of neoliberalism on labor and worker protection, and the meaning of work
for older workers in this context. Finally, we analyze aging in the workplace, based on
the results of interviews conducted with state public servants. We conclude that
ideological, cultural, family, and socioeconomic determinants are present in workers'
motivations for remaining in their jobs, with financial determinants being particularly
important. The conditions of this continued employment are marked by discriminatory
experiences in the workplace due to ageism, except in some work environments, but,
in general, the socio-historical reproduction of old age in capitalism marks the labor
relations of the interviewees. Thus, the impacts on public servants reinforce the logic
of exploitation that transforms age into a criterion for exclusion, renders experience
invisible, and devalues workers.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2026-03-09T00:00:00ZQUANDO A POLÍTICA NÃO ALCANÇA O SUJEITO: Os desafios da implementação do programa Pró-Vida no contexto neoliberal e suas reverberações na saúde mental do policial militarPIMENTEL, Laire Bastos da Silvahttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/68462026-03-17T13:12:33Z2026-03-04T00:00:00ZTítulo: QUANDO A POLÍTICA NÃO ALCANÇA O SUJEITO: Os desafios da implementação do programa Pró-Vida no contexto neoliberal e suas reverberações na saúde mental do policial militar
Autor: PIMENTEL, Laire Bastos da Silva
Primeiro orientador: JOHNSON, Guillermo Alfredo
Abstract: This dissertation critically analyzes the implementation of the National Program for
Quality of Life for Public Security Professionals (Pró-Vida) within the framework of the
Unified Public Security System, with emphasis on its repercussions for the mental
health of military police officers in the contemporary neoliberal context. The study is
based on the assumption that the formal existence of public policies does not, in itself,
ensure their effectiveness as social rights, considering policy implementation as a
political, institutional, and bureaucratic process shaped by rationalities, disputes, and
power relations. The research adopts a qualitative, analytical, and critical approach,
grounded in bibliographic review and documentary analysis of normative frameworks,
programs, and institutional arrangements related to public security policy and mental
health. The theoretical framework articulates contributions from the literature on public
policy implementation, bureaucracy, and neoliberalism, drawing on authors such as
Max Weber, Dardot and Laval, David Harvey, Amartya Sen, Erving Goffman,
Christophe Dejours, and Richard Sennett, among others. The findings indicate that the
implementation of the Pró-Vida Program occurs in a selective, fragmented, and
episodic manner, conditioned by bureaucratic constraints, weak interinstitutional
coordination, the absence of robust mechanisms for participation and social control,
and subordination to the neoliberal logic of managing distress. The analysis shows that
the policy tends to operate more as an instrument for administering the effects of
psychological suffering than as a structural strategy to guarantee the right to mental
health, producing a gap between legal norms and the concrete experience of military
police officers. It is concluded that the limitations of the Pró-Vida Program stem less
from its normative formulation and more from the institutional conditions of its
implementation, reinforcing the need to strengthen workers’ participation,
administrative accountability, and the reorientation of mental health policies in the field
of public security as a collective responsibility of the State.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2026-03-04T00:00:00ZDemocracia representativa em crise: transformação do processo de participação popular e o anacronismo da estrutura política na Constituição Federal de 1988LIMA, Diogo Dinizhttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/67162026-01-21T12:53:06Z2026-01-09T00:00:00ZTítulo: Democracia representativa em crise: transformação do processo de participação popular e o anacronismo da estrutura política na Constituição Federal de 1988
Autor: LIMA, Diogo Diniz
Primeiro orientador: RAMOS, Paulo Roberto Barbosa
Abstract: Esta tesis se centra en la crisis de la democracia moderna, tomando como contexto concreto el
sistema político brasileño. Al examinar la interconexión entre la democracia y el modo de
producción capitalista, se demuestran las transformaciones de esta forma de gobierno y el
anacronismo del modo representativo y de los mecanismos actuales de participación popular
establecidos en la Constitución Federal de 1988. La investigación comienza con un análisis
conceptual e histórica de la democracia, desde su manifestación en la antigua Atenas hasta su
resurgimiento en el siglo XVIII, basado en el pensamiento de Rousseau y Stuart Mill,
mostrando cómo, durante este período histórico, la democracia fue adoptada como la base
política ideal para el desarrollo de la sociedad capitalista. La tesis describe la actual crisis
democrática como multifacética, con orígenes divergentes de los tradicionalmente señalados
en algunos estudios. Se construyen dos paralelos comparativos, utilizando La Sociedad del
Espectáculo, de Guy Debord, para explicar la inversión del sistema de necesidades que
conduce a una inevitable insatisfacción con los resultados del campo político.
Estructuralmente, se desarrolla un estudio evolutivo de las esferas pública y privada,
mostrando que esta última se ha visto reducida al límite de la intimidad y que algunas
decisiones que antes eran privadas se han trasladado al ámbito social expandido, escapando al
control personal y generando reacciones que se alinean con los extremos del espectro político
y amenazan la democracia. Finalmente, se abordó cada faceta de la crisis desde perspectivas
teóricas constructivas, con el objetivo de promover un rediseño de la estructura democrática
capaz de canalizar la complejidad y la velocidad de las demandas contemporáneas,
revitalizando la cadena de legitimidad de la democracia y brindando estabilidad a su
funcionamiento.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Tese2026-01-09T00:00:00ZENTRE LAÇOS, LUTAS E HORIZONTES MIGRATÓRIOS: A permanência de estudantes africanos do PEC-G no Brasil e suas motivações no contexto maranhenseSILVA, Anso dahttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/66172025-11-17T12:16:23Z2025-08-26T00:00:00ZTítulo: ENTRE LAÇOS, LUTAS E HORIZONTES MIGRATÓRIOS: A permanência de estudantes africanos do PEC-G no Brasil e suas motivações no contexto maranhense
Autor: SILVA, Anso da
Primeiro orientador: JOHNSON, Guillermo Alfredo
Abstract: This study investigates the complex motivations that lead African students, who are graduates of the Student-Exchange Program (PEC-G) at the Federal University of Maranhão
(UFMA), to remain in Brazil after completing their courses. The research, which spanned
from 2022 to 2025, employed participant observation, open questionnaires, and open interviews with nine students. An initial survey at UFMA indicated that Cape Verde, Benin, and
Ghana have the highest representation, and that health-related courses are the most sought
after. However, the institutional assistance for exchange students at UFMA reveals gaps,
with the absence of structured initial welcoming and post-graduation follow-up. Reception
duties are delegated to the International Relations Office, and other demands are handled by
existing pro-rectories. The analysis of empirical data, triangulated with theoretical frameworks of diaspora and migration, revealed three central categories. The first, "Building Networks and Belonging in the Diaspora: Bridges to Permanence," highlights the formation of
affective ties and the creation of mutual support mechanisms (such as the Association of
Africans in Maranhão - AAMA) as fundamental pillars for adaptation and overcoming adversity, transforming a temporary stay into a life project rooted in Brazil. The second category,
"Between Academic Opportunities and Structural Racism: The Dichotomies of Permanence,"
demonstrates the collective efforts of the African community to deconstruct negative and
homogeneous images of the African continent in Brazil through cultural and academic
events. However, the persistence of structural racism and xenophobia (evidenced by prejudiced interactions and employability challenges) remains a significant barrier. This category
explores the dichotomies experienced, where the pursuit of academic qualification (postgraduation) emerges as a crucial strategy for legal and professional permanence, contrasting
with challenges such as bureaucracy in obtaining diplomas and persistent unemployment
stemming from racism. Finally, the category, "Brazilian Reality: Opportunities, Barriers, and
Perceptions," reveals that despite their permanence, longing for family and the aspiration to
contribute to the development of their home nations keep alive the idea of a return, which is
seen as a long-term project conditioned by economic and social factors. It's concluded that
the permanence of these students is a multifaceted phenomenon, resulting from a constant
negotiation between push and pull factors, individual agency, and the complexity of diasporic
identities within a context of future challenges and aspirations.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Tese2025-08-26T00:00:00Z